What is the primary function of a catalytic converter in an emissions-control system?

The primary function of a catalytic converter in an emissions-control system is to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. This process involves chemical reactions that convert harmful gases produced during combustion into less harmful emissions. Specifically, hydrocarbons, which are organic compounds that can contribute to air pollution and smog, and carbon monoxide, a toxic gas that can affect human health, are both converted into carbon dioxide and water through oxidation reactions facilitated by the catalytic materials within the converter, such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium. This essential role in reducing harmful emissions makes the catalytic converter a critical component in meeting environmental regulations and maintaining air quality.