What components are located on the axle and allow the vehicle to make turns?

The correct answer pertains to gears, which are crucial for a vehicle's ability to turn effectively. Gears within the axle assembly, such as those found in the differential, play a vital role in allowing the wheels to rotate at different speeds. When a vehicle turns, the wheels on the outside of the turn need to cover a greater distance than those on the inside. The differential gears facilitate this difference in wheel speed, enabling smooth and controlled turning.

The remaining components mentioned serve different primary functions—brakes are essential for slowing or stopping the vehicle, shock absorbers help manage suspension and improve ride quality by dampening shocks from the road, and springs support the vehicle's weight and maintain its ride height. While these components are crucial to a vehicle's overall performance and safety, they do not have the specific role of facilitating turns through differential action like gears do.