What component of the engine sends an electric current back to the battery?

The alternator is a key component of the engine's electrical system, responsible for generating electrical power while the engine runs. It converts mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy, which is then used to charge the battery and power the electrical systems of the vehicle.

When the engine is operating, the alternator produces an electric current that replenishes the battery, ensuring that it remains charged and able to start the engine when needed. In essence, it plays a crucial role in maintaining the electrical supply and is vital for the vehicle's overall functionality.

In contrast, the water pump circulates coolant to maintain engine temperature, the starter initiates engine ignition by cranking the engine to get it running, and the oil pump is responsible for circulating engine oil to lubricate moving components. While these components are essential to engine operation, they do not directly relate to charging the battery or providing electric current back to it. The alternator's specific role in electrical energy generation distinguishes it from the other components listed.